If you are an aspirant preparing for the UPSC, SSC, or State PCS, you cannot ignore the Chalukyas of Badami. They were the architects of a golden era in South Indian history, known for their powerful army, grand rock-cut temples, and legendary rivalries.

In this blog, we will cover everything you need to study about this dynasty—from the founder of the Chalukyas of Badami to their epic battles with the Pallavas.
Who is the Founder of Chalukyas of Badami?
The real founder and the first sovereign ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Badami was Pulakeshin I. While there were ancestors like Jayasimha, it was Pulakeshin I who established an independent kingdom in 543 AD.
- Chalukyas of Badami Founder: Pulakeshin I.
- His Achievement: He fortified the hill of Vatapi and performed the Ashvamedha sacrifice to assert his independence from the Kadambas of Banavasi.
Which is the Capital of Chalukyas of Badami?
The capital was Badami, also known in ancient times as Vatapi. Located in the Bagalkot district of modern-day Karnataka, it was chosen for its strategic location—protected on three sides by rugged sandstone cliffs.
Note for Aspirants: Before moving to Badami, their first capital was Aihole, which is often called the “Cradle of Indian Temple Architecture.”
The Chalukyas of Badami and the Pallavas of Kanchi
One of the most frequent topics in history exams is the century-long conflict between the Chalukyas of Badami and the Pallavas of Kanchi. This was a struggle for supremacy over the fertile land between the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers.
- Phase 1: Pulakeshin II defeated the Pallava king Mahendravarman I and reached the gates of Kanchi.
- Phase 2 (The Revenge): In 642 AD, the Pallava king Narasimhavarman I (also known as Mamalla) attacked Badami. Pulakeshin II was killed in battle, and the Pallavas occupied Badami for 13 years. Narasimhavarman I took the title “Vatapikonda” (Conqueror of Vatapi).
- Phase 3: Later, Vikramaditya II of the Chalukyas avenged this by overrunning Kanchi three times and defeating the Pallavas completely.
Famous Rulers of Badami Chalukyas
While there were many kings, two names are essential for your notes:
- Pulakeshin II (609–642 AD): The greatest ruler of the dynasty. He is famous for defeating Harshavardhana of Kanauj on the banks of the Narmada River, stopping the North Indian king’s march to the South. His achievements are recorded in the Aihole Inscription written by his court poet, Ravikirti.
- Vikramaditya II: Known for his victories over the Pallavas and for his kindness toward the monuments of Kanchipuram.
Chalukyas of Badami: Short Summary
| Aspect | Details |
| Duration | 6th Century to 8th Century (543–753 AD) |
| Capital | Badami (Vatapi) |
| Royal Emblem | Varaha (The Boar) |
| Architecture | Vesara Style (Mix of Nagara and Dravida) |
| Greatest King | Pulakeshin II |
| Last King | Kirtivarman II |
Chalukyas of Badami in Hindi (बादामी के चालुक्य)
बादामी के चालुक्य वंश की स्थापना पुलकेशिन प्रथम ने 543 ईस्वी में की थी। इस वंश के सबसे प्रतापी राजा पुलकेशिन द्वितीय थे, जिन्होंने उत्तर भारत के सम्राट हर्षवर्धन को नर्मदा नदी के तट पर हराया था। इनकी राजधानी वातापि (बादामी) थी। यह वंश अपनी वास्तुकला, विशेष रूप से बादामी के गुफा मंदिरों के लिए प्रसिद्ध है।
Who Destroyed the Empire of Chalukyas of Badami?
The dynasty came to an end in 753 AD. The last king, Kirtivarman II, was overthrown by his own feudatory, Dantidurga, who founded the Rashtrakuta Dynasty.
Practice: Chalukyas of Badami MCQs
Q1. Who was the first historical ruler of the Badami Chalukyas? / बादामी चालुक्यों का प्रथम ऐतिहासिक शासक कौन था?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Jayasimha (जयसिंह)
Q2. In which year did Pulakeshin I establish the capital at Vatapi? / पुलकेशिन प्रथम ने किस वर्ष वातापी को अपनी राजधानी बनाया?
Check Answer
Answer: B) 543 CE
Q3. Which river acted as the boundary between Harshavardhana and Pulakeshin II? / हर्षवर्धन और पुलकेशिन द्वितीय के बीच कौन सी नदी सीमा का कार्य करती थी?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Narmada (नर्मदा)
Q4. The famous Aihole Inscription was composed by whom? / प्रसिद्ध ऐहोल अभिलेख की रचना किसके द्वारा की गई थी?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Ravikirti (रविकीर्ति)
Q5. What was the royal emblem of the Chalukyas of Badami? / बादामी के चालुक्यों का शाही प्रतीक क्या था?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Varaha/Boar (वराह)
Q6. Which Chalukya king performed the ‘Ashvamedha Yagna’? / किस चालुक्य राजा ने ‘अश्वमेध यज्ञ’ किया था?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Pulakeshin I (पुलकेशिन प्रथम)
Q7. Which Chinese traveler visited the court of Pulakeshin II? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय के दरबार में किस चीनी यात्री ने भ्रमण किया था?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Hiuen-Tsang (ह्वेन सांग)
Q8. Which town is known as the ‘Cradle of Indian Architecture’? / किस शहर को ‘भारतीय वास्तुकला का पालना’ कहा जाता है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Aihole (ऐहोल)
Q9. Who built the famous rock-cut cave temples at Badami? / बादामी में प्रसिद्ध रॉक-कट गुफा मंदिरों का निर्माण किसने करवाया था?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Mangalesha (मंगलेश)
Q10. Which Pallava king defeated and killed Pulakeshin II in 642 CE? / किस पल्लव राजा ने 642 ईस्वी में पुलकेशिन द्वितीय को हराकर मार डाला था?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Narasimhavarman I (नरसिंहवर्मन प्रथम)
Q11. The ‘Vesara’ style of architecture is a blend of? / ‘वेसर’ वास्तुकला शैली किसका मिश्रण है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Nagara & Dravida (नागर और द्रविड़)
Q12. Which Chalukya king took the title ‘Vatapi-konda’? / किस चालुक्य राजा ने ‘वातापी-कोंडा’ की उपाधि ली थी?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Narasimhavarman I (Actually a Pallava King)
Q13. The Virupaksha Temple at Pattadakal was built by? / पट्टदकल में विरूपाक्ष मंदिर किसके द्वारा बनाया गया था?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Lokamahadevi (लोकमहादेवी)
Q14. Who was the last ruler of the Badami Chalukya dynasty? / बादामी चालुक्य वंश का अंतिम शासक कौन था?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Kirtivarman II (कीर्तिवर्मन द्वितीय)
Q15. Which Rashtrakuta ruler overthrew the Chalukyas of Badami? / किस राष्ट्रकूट शासक ने बादामी के चालुक्यों को उखाड़ फेंका था?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Dantidurga (दंतिदुर्ग)
Q16. The Aihole inscription mentions the defeat of Harsha in which year? / ऐहोल शिलालेख में किस वर्ष हर्ष की हार का उल्लेख है?
Check Answer
Answer: D) 634 CE
Q17. Which title did Pulakeshin II adopt after defeating Harsha? / हर्ष को हराने के बाद पुलकेशिन द्वितीय ने कौन सी उपाधि धारण की थी?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Parameshwara (परमेश्वर)
Q18. The Meguti Jain Temple at Aihole was built by whom? / ऐहोल में मेगुती जैन मंदिर का निर्माण किसके द्वारा किया गया था?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Ravikirti (रविकीर्ति)
Q19. The Papanatha Temple at Pattadakal represents which style? / पट्टदकल का पापनाथ मंदिर किस शैली का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Pure Nagara (शुद्ध नागर)
Q20. In the Chalukya administration, what was a ‘Vishaya’? / चालुक्य प्रशासन में ‘विषय’ क्या था?
Check Answer
Answer: C) A District (एक जिला)
Q21. Which king expanded the empire to the Konkan coast? / कोंकण तट तक साम्राज्य विस्तार का श्रेय किस राजा को दिया जाता है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kirtivarman I (कीर्तिवर्मन प्रथम)
Q22. Who founded the Eastern Chalukyas? / पूर्वी चालुक्यों की स्थापना किसने की?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kubja Vishnuvardhana (कुब्ज विष्णुवर्धन)
Q23. Which goddess is found on Chalukya coins? / चालुक्यों के सिक्कों पर किस देवी का चित्र मिलता है?
Check Answer
Answer: D) Gaja-Lakshmi (गज-लक्ष्मी)
Q24. Mahakuta Pillar inscription is associated with? / महाकूट स्तंभ शिलालेख किससे संबंधित है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Mangalesha (मंगलेश)
Q25. Which Chalukya king had a 37-year peaceful reign? / किस चालुक्य राजा का 37 साल लंबा शांतिपूर्ण शासन था?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vijayaditya (विजयादित्य)
Q26. Lad Khan temple at Aihole is dedicated to? / ऐहोल का लाड खान मंदिर किसे समर्पित है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Lord Shiva (भगवान शिव)
Q27. Who was the regent for Pulakeshin II? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय का संरक्षक कौन था?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Mangalesha (मंगलेश)
Q28. Which temple at Pattadakal is a UNESCO site? / पट्टदकल का कौन सा मंदिर यूनेस्को स्थल है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Entire Group (संपूर्ण समूह)
Q29. What was the unit of village administration? / ग्राम प्रशासन की इकाई क्या थी?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Gamunda (गामुंडा)
Q30. Pulakeshin II sent an embassy to which Persian King? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय ने किस फारसी राजा को दूत भेजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Khusrau II (खुसरो द्वितीय)
Q31. Script used in Badami Cliff Inscription (543 CE)? / बादामी शिलालेख (543 ईस्वी) में प्रयुक्त लिपि?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Sanskrit in Old Kannada
Q32. Son of Pulakeshin II who restored the dynasty? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय का पुत्र जिसने वंश को पुनर्स्थापित किया?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vikramaditya I (विक्रमादित्य प्रथम)
Q33. Which river’s delta was occupied by Pulakeshin II? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय ने किस नदी के डेल्टा पर अधिकार किया?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Vengi
Q34. Which battle ended Pulakeshin II’s life? / किस युद्ध में पुलकेशिन द्वितीय की मृत्यु हुई?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Battle of Vatapi (वातापी का युद्ध)
Q35. Meaning of ‘Pulakesi’? / ‘पुलकेसी’ का अर्थ?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Tiger-haired
Q36. Religion patronized by Ravikirti? / रविकीर्ति ने किस धर्म को संरक्षण दिया?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Jainism (जैन धर्म)
Q37. Ruler who defeated Kalachuris? / कलचुरियों को हराने वाला शासक?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Mangalesha (मंगलेश)
Q38. Script on Chalukya coins? / चालुक्य सिक्कों पर लिपि?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Nagari & Kannada
Q39. Who built Sangameshwara temple at Pattadakal? / पट्टदकल में संगमेश्वर मंदिर किसने बनवाया?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vijayaditya (विजयादित्य)
Q40. Huchimalligudi temple location? / हुच्चिमल्लीगुड़ी मंदिर कहाँ है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Aihole (ऐहोल)
Q41. Vikramaditya II invaded which capital 3 times? / विक्रमादित्य द्वितीय ने किस राजधानी पर 3 बार हमला किया?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kanchipuram (कांचीपुरम)
Q42. Queen who built Mallikarjuna temple? / मल्लिकार्जुन मंदिर बनवाने वाली रानी?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Trailokyamahadevi (त्रैलोक्यमहादेवी)
Q43. Author of ‘Vikramankadevacharita’? / ‘विक्रमांकदेवचरित’ के लेखक?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Bilhana (विल्हण)
Q44. Main source of Chalukya state income? / राज्य की आय का मुख्य स्रोत?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Land revenue (भू-राजस्व)
Q45. ‘Karnatakabala’ refers to? / ‘कर्नाटकबल’ का अर्थ?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Chalukya Army (चालुक्य सेना)
Q46. Temple with apsidal (semi-circular) shape? / अर्धवृत्ताकार आकार का मंदिर?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Durga Temple (दुर्गा मंदिर)
Q47. Cave at Badami with Nataraja sculpture? / नटराज की मूर्ति वाली बादामी गुफा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Cave 1 (गुफा 1)
Q48. Cave 3 at Badami is dedicated to? / बादामी की गुफा 3 किसे समर्पित है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Lord Vishnu (भगवान विष्णु)
Q49. Title ‘Satyashraya’ used by? / ‘सत्याश्रय’ उपाधि किसने ली?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Pulakeshin II (पुलकेशिन द्वितीय)
Q50. Region conquered from Kadambas? / कदंबों से जीता गया क्षेत्र?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Banavasi (बनवासी)
Q51. Title ‘Lord of the South’ (Dakshinapathapatha-Iswara) was held by? / ‘दक्षिण का स्वामी’ उपाधि किसने ली?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Pulakeshin II
Q52. Ravikirti compares himself to which poets? / रविकीर्ति अपनी तुलना किन कवियों से करते हैं?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Kalidasa & Bharavi
Q53. King who conquered ‘Island of Revati’ (Goa)? / ‘रेवती द्वीप’ जीतने वाला राजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Mangalesha
Q54. ‘Vesara’ style is also known as? / ‘वेसर’ शैली को और क्या कहते हैं?
Check Answer
Answer: D) All of the above
Q55. Vikramaditya I captured which Pallava capital? / विक्रमादित्य प्रथम ने कौन सी पल्लव राजधानी जीती?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kanchi
Q56. Unique feature of Durga Temple at Aihole? / ऐहोल दुर्गा मंदिर की अनूठी विशेषता?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Apsidal/Semi-circular Plan
Q57. Court poet of Pulakeshin II? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय का दरबारी कवि?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Ravikirti
Q58. Chalukyas were feudatories to? / चालुक्य किसके सामंत थे?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kadambas
Q59. Ruler celebrating victory over Pallavas with Virupaksha temple? / विरूपाक्ष मंदिर से जीत मनाने वाला राजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vikramaditya II
Q60. Admin head of a ‘Grama’? / ‘ग्राम’ का प्रशासनिक प्रमुख?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Gamunda
Q61. Great victory in Aihole inscription? / ऐहोल शिलालेख की महान विजय?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Battle of Narmada
Q62. Badami Cave sculpture style influenced by? / बादामी गुफा मूर्तिकला किससे प्रभावित है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Gupta
Q63. First Chalukya to adopt ‘Maharajadhiraja’? / ‘महाराजाधिराज’ अपनाने वाला पहला चालुक्य?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Pulakeshin I
Q64. ‘Papanatha’ temple deity? / ‘पापनाथ’ मंदिर के देवता?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Shiva
Q65. Pulakeshin II’s southern boundary? / पुलकेशिन द्वितीय की दक्षिणी सीमा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kaveri
Q66. Ruler defeating Arab (Tajika) invasion in Gujarat? / गुजरात में अरबों को हराने वाला?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin
Q67. ‘Varaha’ panel location? / ‘वराह’ पैनल कहाँ है?
Check Answer
Answer: C) Cave 3
Q68. Queen who built Virupaksha temple? / विरूपाक्ष मंदिर बनवाने वाली रानी?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Lokamahadevi
Q69. Main language of royal inscriptions? / शाही शिलालेखों की मुख्य भाषा?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Sanskrit
Q70. King succeeding Pallava occupation? / पल्लव कब्जे के बाद का राजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vikramaditya I
Q71. Meaning of ‘Nadu’? / ‘नाडु’ का क्या अर्थ है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Group of Villages
Q72. Credit for Lad Khan temple? / लाड खान मंदिर का श्रेय?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Pulakeshin I
Q73. ‘Sun Temple’ at Aihole is also called? / ऐहोल का ‘सूर्य मंदिर’ किसे कहते हैं?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Huchimalligudi
Q74. Sea called ‘Chalukya Lake’? / ‘चालुक्य झील’ किस सागर को कहते थे?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Arabian Sea
Q75. Main Hindu sect of Chalukyas? / मुख्य हिंदू संप्रदाय?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Vaishnavism
Q76. Last powerful king? / अंतिम शक्तिशाली राजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vikramaditya II
Q77. Site with Nagara & Dravida together? / नागर और द्रविड़ एक साथ कहाँ हैं?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Pattadakal
Q78. Meguti temple religion? / मेगुती मंदिर किस धर्म का है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Jainism
Q79. Heartland river valley? / हृदय स्थल नदी घाटी?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Malaprabha
Q80. ‘Ranavikrama’ meaning? / ‘रणविक्रम’ का अर्थ?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Valor in War
Q81. Daughter of Pulakeshin II (Regent)? / संरक्षक पुत्री?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vijayabhattarika
Q82. Influenced which future empire? / भविष्य का कौन सा साम्राज्य प्रभावित हुआ?
Check Answer
Answer: D) All of the above
Q83. King killed by Narasimhavarman I? / नरसिंहवर्मन प्रथम द्वारा मारा गया राजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Pulakeshin II
Q84. Bhutanatha group location? / भूतनाथ मंदिर समूह कहाँ है?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Badami
Q85. Currency unit? / मुद्रा की इकाई?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Gadyana
Q86. Inscription about Cave 3 Vishnu temple? / गुफा 3 विष्णु मंदिर का शिलालेख?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Badami Cliff Inscription
Q87. Rock type for Badami Ganesha? / गणेश मंदिर की चट्टान?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Sandstone
Q88. Pallava king defeated by Vikramaditya II? / विक्रमादित्य द्वितीय द्वारा पराजित पल्लव?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Nandivarman II
Q89. King bringing Ganga-Yamuna symbols from North? / उत्तर से गंगा-यमुना प्रतीक लाने वाला राजा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Vinayaditya
Q90. Royal crown prince term? / शाही युवराज का पद?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Yuvaraja
Q91. ‘Masterpiece’ of Pattadakal? / पट्टदकल का मास्टरपीस?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Virupaksha
Q92. Cave 4 Badami Tirthankara? / गुफा 4 के तीर्थंकर?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Mahavira & Parshvanatha
Q93. Count of main Badami caves? / मुख्य बादामी गुफाओं की संख्या?
Check Answer
Answer: A) 4
Q94. ‘Shri-Prithvi-Vallabha’ used by? / ‘श्री-पृथ्वी-वल्लभ’ किसने इस्तेमाल किया?
Check Answer
Answer: D) All Chalukya Kings
Q95. Dynasty replacing Western branch in 10th century? / 10वीं शताब्दी में किसने जगह ली?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Kalyani Chalukyas
Q96. Final collapse event? / अंतिम पतन?
Check Answer
Answer: B) Revolt of Dantidurga
Q97. ‘Mahasandhivigrahika’ refers to? / ‘महासांधिविग्रहिक’ क्या है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Minister of War and Peace
Q98. Aihole river bank? / ऐहोल किस नदी के किनारे है?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Malaprabha
Q99. First known ancestor? / प्रथम ज्ञात पूर्वज?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Jayasimha
Q100. Motivation for temple building? / मंदिर निर्माण की प्रेरणा?
Check Answer
Answer: A) Religious devotion & Legitimacy
Chalukyas of Badami PDFs
To help you with quick revision, we have prepared a Chalukyas of Badami PDF containing:
- Detailed list of inscriptions (Aihole, Badami Cliff, etc.).
- Notes on Vesara Architecture (Pattadakal and Aihole temples).
- Administrative terms (The army was called Karnatabala).
You can download this PDF for free from Sarkariexampdf.in.
Conclusion
The Chalukyas of Badami were more than just warriors; they were the bridge between the culture of North and South India. Their legacy lives on in the stunning temples of Pattadakal and the rock-cut caves of Badami. For an aspirant, focusing on Pulakeshin II and the Pallava-Chalukya conflict is the key to scoring high in the history section.
FAQs for Chalukyas of Badami
1. The army of Chalukyas of Badami was called as?
The hereditary and highly efficient army of the Chalukyas was famously referred to as the Karnatabala. It was considered one of the most formidable forces in ancient India.
2. Who was the most famous ruler of Badami Chalukyas?
Pulakeshin II is the most famous ruler. He expanded the empire to its peak and is internationally known for sending an embassy to the Persian King Khosrau II.
3. Who is the founder of the Chalukyas of Badami dynasty?
The sovereign founder was Pulakeshin I, who established the kingdom in 543 AD with Vatapi (Badami) as the capital.
4. Which was the royal emblem of Badami Chalukyas?
The royal emblem was the Varaha (Boar), representing the incarnation of Lord Vishnu. This emblem appeared on their gold coins, which were also called Varahas.
5. Which was the capital of the Chalukyas of Badami?
The regal capital was Vatapi (modern-day Badami) in Karnataka. Their earlier cultural capital was Aihole.
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